[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":296},["ShallowReactive",2],{"slug-tracing-the-future-of-forensic-medicine":3},{"post":4,"relatedPosts":182,"relatedBooks":295},{"id":5,"date":6,"date_gmt":7,"guid":8,"modified":10,"modified_gmt":11,"slug":12,"status":13,"type":14,"link":15,"title":16,"content":18,"excerpt":21,"author":23,"featured_media":24,"comment_status":25,"ping_status":25,"sticky":20,"template":26,"format":27,"meta":28,"categories":29,"tags":34,"project_category":49,"contact_email_category":50,"yst_prominent_words":51,"class_list":57,"better_featured_image":82,"acf":116,"yoast_meta":125,"_links":128},21284,"2018-07-26T13:39:16","2018-07-26T11:39:16",{"rendered":9},"http:\u002F\u002Fmedicalfuturist.com\u002F","2022-03-01T16:37:15","2022-03-01T15:37:15","tracing-the-future-of-forensic-medicine","publish","post","https:\u002F\u002Fmedicalfuturist.com\u002Ftracing-the-future-of-forensic-medicine",{"rendered":17},"Tracing The Future Of Forensic Medicine",{"rendered":19,"protected":20},"\n\u003Ctable style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #eee; border-top: 4px solid #444;\" cellpadding=\"5px\">\n\u003Ctbody>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd style=\"width: 100%;\">\n\u003Cp style=\"color: #555;font-size: 12px;line-height: 14px\">THIS ARTICLE HAS NOT BEEN UPDATED SINCE 2018. THE INFORMATION SHARED IN THE ARTICLE WAS ACCURATE AT THE TIME OF ITS PUBLICATION, BUT IT MAY BE OUT OF DATE NOW. \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fmedicalfuturist.com\u002Fmagazine\">BROWSE OUR LATEST ARTICLES HERE\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>Realistic genetic photo fits, portable diagnostic labs and microbiomes are all new elements in the tool-kit of medical professionals in forensic medicine to catch criminals and solve complex cases. Reality is not at all CSI, but not because of the lack of high-tech, but due to the distortions of television. Let’s see how the future of forensic medicine might look in actuality.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003C!--more-->\n\n\n\n\u003Ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u003Cstrong>CSI and its effect\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>Ultraviolet cameras showing bruises healed a while ago. Luminol displaying traces of blood on leather jackets. UV lights like lightsabers scouring over empty rooms to find saliva, semen or any fluid to do a DNA exam in a high-tech crime lab. The Hollywood series \u003Cstrong>CSI enchanted millions of viewers with the hocus-pocus of digital technology into believing that forensic science and forensic medicine is the ultimate tool-kit for finding criminals in a fast and efficient way\u003C\u002Fstrong>. The sequel and many following similar ones mixed already available and widely used forensic know-how with technological wishful thinking so skillfully that it even led to the noted \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCSI_effect\">CSI effect\u003C\u002Fa> among jurors.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>In 2005, The Wall Street Journal wrote that gullible juries, fooled by television into believing their local crime labs are more shrewd and definitive than they actually are, are handing down “not guilty” verdicts unless prosecutors come up with fancy forensic evidence, such as results from DNA tests. However, collecting and analyzing samples are way more difficult and lengthier than in the super-duper CSI lab, and there are many cases where DNA evidence is even pointless.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cfigure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone size-full wp-image-21285\">\u003Cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"613\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002F1712507217.rsc.cdn77.org\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fforensic-medicine_newscientist.jpg\" alt=\"forensic medicine\" class=\"wp-image-21285\" srcset=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fforensic-medicine_newscientist.jpg 800w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fforensic-medicine_newscientist-768x588.jpg 768w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fforensic-medicine_newscientist-512x392.jpg 512w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \u002F>\u003Cfigcaption>Source: www.newscientist.com\u003C\u002Ffigcaption>\u003C\u002Ffigure>\n\n\n\n\u003Ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u003Cstrong>From fingerprints to pre-crime policing?\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>Nevertheless, the interest in the sequel, as well as the CSI effect, shows that there is a demand for high-tech solutions in criminal justice as they promise to represent potential new reliable tools to provide grounded, hard evidence in complicated cases. And although we are way too far from creating plaster molds of the interior of wounds to determine the type of knife wounding the victim as presented in the first season of CSI, \u003Cstrong>technology and latest scientific discoveries arrived at the forensic pathologist’s office and with every passing year, we get closer to something similar to the fancy CSI lab.\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>But forensic medicine does not only deal with murdered corps and criminal justice cases. The branch’s actual \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.medicinenet.com\u002Fscript\u002Fmain\u002Fart.asp?articlekey=10606\">task is to apply medical knowledge to establish facts in both civil and criminal legal matters\u003C\u002Fa>. That means collecting and analyzing evidence ranging from genetics to toxicology to identify perpetrators and prosecute them. Here, \u003Cstrong>we enlisted the latest high-tech solutions helping the work of professionals in forensic medicine while peeking into the far away future.\u003C\u002Fstrong> Will we ever have a society where pre-crime policing hinders the actual violations of the law just as we’ve seen in \u003Cem>Minority Report\u003C\u002Fem>? Certain signs say we might. Will we be able to recreate the last scene in the dead victim’s eye to see the murderer? Although \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.smithsonianmag.com\u002Fsmart-news\u002Fhow-forensic-scientists-once-tried-see-dead-persons-last-sight-180959157\u002F\">many believed in it at the turn of the 19th century\u003C\u002Fa>, it is highly unlikely. But let’s dive into the details.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cfigure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone size-full wp-image-21286\">\u003Cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"870\" height=\"489\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002F1712507217.rsc.cdn77.org\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fct-photo-gallery-chicago-crime-scene-investiga-007.jpg\" alt=\"forensic medicine\" class=\"wp-image-21286\" srcset=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fct-photo-gallery-chicago-crime-scene-investiga-007.jpg 870w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fct-photo-gallery-chicago-crime-scene-investiga-007-370x208.jpg 370w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fct-photo-gallery-chicago-crime-scene-investiga-007-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fct-photo-gallery-chicago-crime-scene-investiga-007-512x288.jpg 512w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 870px) 100vw, 870px\" \u002F>\u003Cfigcaption>Source: www.thetruthaboutguns.com\u003C\u002Ffigcaption>\u003C\u002Ffigure>\n\n\n\n\u003Ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u003Cstrong>Genetics give away perpetrators \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>The \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fscience.howstuffworks.com\u002Flife\u002Fgenetic\u002Fdna-evidence.htm\">techniques that make it possible to identify a suspect using a unique genetic blueprint have only been around since 1985\u003C\u002Fa>. That’s when Alec Jeffreys and his colleagues in England first demonstrated the use of DNA in a criminal investigation. Since then, DNA testing seems to become the holy grail of forensic medicine – as the CSI effect shows. However, in spite of the illusion, collecting DNA samples is meticulous work, sometimes impossible or redundant, and results are not back in hours, but rather in weeks.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>However, when the circumstances allow, a DNA test could help in tracing the bad guys. \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.newscientist.com\u002Farticle\u002F2130786-future-forensics-harnessing-the-spirit-of-sherlock-holmes\u002F\">Standard testing involves isolating the DNA and then screening the genetic code for pieces of DNA called “short tandem repeats”\u003C\u002Fa>. These chunks don’t necessarily code for useful proteins, but are known to differ between individuals – so they can be used to tell people apart, or provide evidence for familial relations. When a suspect’s DNA test is performed, it is searched against the available DNA databases. According to Interpol, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fmotherboard.vice.com\u002Fen_us\u002Farticle\u002F8qxgnx\u002Fgenetic-profiling-and-predictive-policing-are-taking-us-to-the-pre-crime-future\">54 countries invested in DNA databases\u003C\u002Fa> already in 2009. The number has astonishingly grown since then, so has the scope of what those databases collect. As databases are getting bigger and bigger, familial DNA matches will increasingly bring criminals to justice.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>For example, \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.dailymail.co.uk\u002Fnews\u002Farticle-3589804\u002FFor-32-years-Christopher-Hampton-hid-secret-d-raped-murdered-teenage-girl.html\">Christopher Hampton was jailed for life\u003C\u002Fa> in the UK in 2016 after admitting that he had raped a 17-year-old girl and stabbed her to death in 1984. Samples taken from the crime scene were found to match DNA taken from Hampton’s daughter after she was arrested during a domestic dispute.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cfigure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone size-full wp-image-21288\">\u003Cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"870\" height=\"580\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002F1712507217.rsc.cdn77.org\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fforensic-dna.jpg\" alt=\"forensic medicine\" class=\"wp-image-21288\" srcset=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fforensic-dna.jpg 870w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fforensic-dna-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fforensic-dna-512x341.jpg 512w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 870px) 100vw, 870px\" \u002F>\u003Cfigcaption>Source: www.forensic-access.co.uk\u003C\u002Ffigcaption>\u003C\u002Ffigure>\n\n\n\n\u003Ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u003Cstrong>Drawing photofits from DNA\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>In the future, investigators might go even further and reconstruct physical features from genetic data. That’s the essence of DNA phenotyping. In 2010, forensic biology researchers \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.smithsonianmag.com\u002Finnovation\u002Fhow-accurately-can-scientists-reconstruct-persons-face-from-dna-180968951\u002F\">Manfred Kayser and Susan Walsh developed the IrisPlex system, which uses six DNA markers\u003C\u002Fa> to determine whether someone has blue or brown eyes. In 2012, additional ones were included to predict hair color. Last year the group added skin color. These tests have been made available via a \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fhirisplex.erasmusmc.nl\u002F\">website\u003C\u002Fa>, and anyone who has access to their genetic data can try it out. \u003Cstrong>Currently, \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.crimesceneinvestigatoredu.org\u002F2018\u002F01\u002Ffive-csi-tools-so-advanced-theyre-scary\u002F\">DNA phenotyping can nearly accurately predict\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong> the sex of the given person, red or black hair color, brown and blue eyes, adult height, and up to 70 percent accuracy, it can also make predictions for skin color, age, dimples or freckles\u003C\u002Fstrong>. How scary is that on a scale from one to ten?\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>There are already some companies that offer DNA phenotyping services, for example, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fsnapshot.parabon-nanolabs.com\u002F\">Parabon NanoLabs\u003C\u002Fa>, which claims to be able to accurately predict the physical appearance of an unknown person from DNA. But what if you manage to create the right profile? How do you assign a name to it? You need a public database with biometric information, and there are countries already working on that. \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.abc.net.au\u002Fnews\u002F2017-10-05\u002Ffacial-recognition-coag-privacy-concerns-about-the-capability\u002F9017494\">Australia built a system called The Capability\u003C\u002Fa>, a facial recognition software matching faces from CCTV footage to passports. At first, it was used only as a counterterrorism tool, but the government started to expand its functions. Do you also see some privacy concerns and ethical issues here? Should we pose the hypothetical question where the boundaries of private life are when solving a crime is at stake?\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cfigure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone size-full wp-image-21290\">\u003Cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"870\" height=\"523\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002F1712507217.rsc.cdn77.org\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fgenetic-mugshot.jpg\" alt=\"forensic medicine\" class=\"wp-image-21290\" srcset=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fgenetic-mugshot.jpg 870w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fgenetic-mugshot-768x462.jpg 768w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fgenetic-mugshot-512x308.jpg 512w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 870px) 100vw, 870px\" \u002F>\u003Cfigcaption>Source: kqube.net\u003C\u002Ffigcaption>\u003C\u002Ffigure>\n\n\n\n\u003Ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u003Cstrong>Microbiomes give clues to Sherlocks\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>While the human organism itself is said to \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.globalhealingcenter.com\u002Fnatural-health\u002Fwhat-is-the-microbiome\u002F#1\">contain about 37 trillion human cells, the microbiome\u003C\u002Fa> – and the bulk of bacteria making it up – means an additional 30-50 trillion cells. Moreover, according to \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.forbes.com\u002Fsites\u002Fdaviddisalvo\u002F2012\u002F03\u002F29\u002Fspending-time-alone-with-millions-of-tiny-friends\u002F#1176958a2086\">a study\u003C\u002Fa>, humans emit 37 million bacteria every hour – that’s the number of microorganisms we add to every room. That means that we leave our traces as microbiomes in everything we touch, we sit on or where we walk.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>And researchers have even shown that each individual’s microbiome is unique – just as a fingerprint or DNA. Since \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Flistverse.com\u002F2017\u002F06\u002F12\u002Ftop-10-cutting-edge-innovations-in-the-future-of-forensic-science\u002F\">these communities are specific to each individual\u003C\u002Fa>, they identify whether a particular suspect committed an assault. That’s why \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.motherjones.com\u002Fpolitics\u002F2014\u002F12\u002Fmicrobiome-bacteria-forensics-rape\u002F\">experts believe\u003C\u002Fa> that \u003Cstrong>the bacteria residing on pubic hair may be individualized enough to identify perpetrators in sexual assault cases in the future for which conventional DNA evidence isn’t available.\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>Another area of research is analyzing the fingermarks that humans leave behind – which could perhaps tell more clues to the detective than fingerprints. So far, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.newscientist.com\u002Farticle\u002F2130786-future-forensics-harnessing-the-spirit-of-sherlock-holmes\u002F\">researchers have succeeded in identifying metabolites from foods\u003C\u002Fa> and compounds such as green vegetables and caffeine in fingermarks. “Maybe one day we’ll be able to tell if [the person who left a fingermark] was a meat eater or a vegetarian,” says Annemieke van Dam, a researcher at the University of Amsterdam’s Academic Medical Center in the Netherlands.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cfigure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone size-full wp-image-21291\">\u003Cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"870\" height=\"429\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002F1712507217.rsc.cdn77.org\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fforensic-microbiome.png\" alt=\"forensic medicine\" class=\"wp-image-21291\" srcset=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fforensic-microbiome.png 870w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fforensic-microbiome-768x379.png 768w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fforensic-microbiome-512x252.png 512w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 870px) 100vw, 870px\" \u002F>\u003Cfigcaption>Source: www.theconversation.com\u003C\u002Ffigcaption>\u003C\u002Ffigure>\n\n\n\n\u003Ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u003Cstrong>Virtual autopsies and forensic holodeck\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>Family members and friends immensely suffer when a loved one gets murdered, but an autopsy, which is often required by crime investigators, could even worsen the situation – as they cannot have the intact body back for mourning rituals.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>In the future, technology might help. Dr. Thali, professor, and chair of the Institute of Forensic Medicine at the University of Zurich in Switzerland \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.rsna.org\u002FNews.aspx?id=18587\">co-founded The Virtopsy Project in 1999\u003C\u002Fa>. Since then virtual autopsies have become standard procedure for forensic investigations in Switzerland, and an emerging process around the globe. The method creates permanent 3-D models that can be easily accessed and the data quickly relayed via computer to aid in getting a second opinion.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>The technology also allows for visualization of injuries in 3-D – and even for the reconstruction of whole crime scenes. The VR headset, Oculus Rift can transport the entire grand jury to the crime scene and play out what happened exactly. \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.newscientist.com\u002Farticle\u002Fmg22530034-100-forensic-holodeck-to-transport-jury-to-the-crime-scene\u002F\">Lars Ebert and his colleagues at the Institute of Forensic Medicine in Zurich, Switzerland, are building such a “forensic holodeck”\u003C\u002Fa> that will be available in courts in the not-so-distant future.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed\">\u003Cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.youtube.com\u002Fwatch?v=1bVL9kbvfWY\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003C\u002Ffigure>\n\n\n\n\u003Ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u003Cstrong>Portable diagnostic labs for crime scenes\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>Parallel to the trend in \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fmedicalfuturist.com\u002Frating-portable-diagnostic-devices-that-make-patients-the-point-of-care\">healthcare to make patients the point of care\u003C\u002Fa>, for example through the application of portable diagnostic devices, \u003Cstrong>in forensic medicine, there is a trend to bring the laboratory to the crime scene.\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>“Handheld electronic sniffers” \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Flistverse.com\u002F2017\u002F06\u002F12\u002Ftop-10-cutting-edge-innovations-in-the-future-of-forensic-science\u002F\">may replace canine units dedicated to the detection of drugs\u003C\u002Fa>, and “flashlight detectors” may replace breathalyzers and field sobriety tests for alcohol-impaired driving. Near-infrared light scanners image human veins, which can also help police to identify a potential suspect during an investigation. In the future, the toolbox will definitely be expanded with even smaller and more functional devices. Maybe a \u003Cem>crime scene tricorder\u003C\u002Fem>, too.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cfigure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone size-full wp-image-21293\">\u003Cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"870\" height=\"653\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002F1712507217.rsc.cdn77.org\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Ffingerprint-station.jpeg\" alt=\"forensic medicine\" class=\"wp-image-21293\" srcset=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Ffingerprint-station.jpeg 870w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Ffingerprint-station-768x576.jpeg 768w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Ffingerprint-station-512x384.jpeg 512w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 870px) 100vw, 870px\" \u002F>\u003Cfigcaption>Source: https:\u002F\u002Fhannahc12.wordpress.com\u002F\u003C\u002Ffigcaption>\u003C\u002Ffigure>\n\n\n\n\u003Ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u003Cstrong>Smart algorithms catching criminals\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>Facial recognition algorithms are nothing new: Facebook uses it when suggesting whom to tag in photos (although under the GDPR, you can opt-out of the system). However, it’s easier to use facial recognition for pictures where the individual doesn’t want to hide: no sunglasses, caps, beards, no significant changes in hair color or features. Of course, suspects and criminals might do that exactly – so facial recognition algorithms should shape up!\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.animetrics.com\u002F\">Animetrics\u003C\u002Fa> may have the answer to these problems. The company \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Flistverse.com\u002F2017\u002F06\u002F12\u002Ftop-10-cutting-edge-innovations-in-the-future-of-forensic-science\u002F\">has developed a software that converts 2-D images into “simulated 3-D models of a person’s face” in about a second\u003C\u002Fa>, and the software’s users can alter a suspect’s attitude or position. All facial recognition algorithms can analyze the resulting “headshot image”. On a sophisticated laptop, the headshot can be matched against as many as one million faces.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>Another smart algorithm can not only remember faces but also tell when they are lying. \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.newscientist.com\u002Farticle\u002Fmg22830462-700-lie-detecting-algorithm-spots-fibbing-faces-better-than-humans\u002F\">A machine learning algorithm trained on the faces of defendants in recordings of real trials\u003C\u002Fa>, correctly identified truth-tellers about 75 percent of the time. Humans managed just 59.5 percent, while the best interrogators can reach 65 percent. It’s obvious we need help with lie detection – very few have the skills of Tim Roth as Dr. Cal Lightman in the series \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.imdb.com\u002Ftitle\u002Ftt1235099\u002F?ref_=nv_sr_1\">Lie To Me\u003C\u002Fa> – thus, The Medical Futurist predicts increasing precision and many similar algorithms in the area.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cfigure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone size-full wp-image-21289\">\u003Cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"870\" height=\"489\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002F1712507217.rsc.cdn77.org\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Ffacial-recognition-algorithm.png\" alt=\"forensic medicine\" class=\"wp-image-21289\" srcset=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Ffacial-recognition-algorithm.png 870w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Ffacial-recognition-algorithm-370x208.png 370w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Ffacial-recognition-algorithm-768x432.png 768w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Ffacial-recognition-algorithm-512x288.png 512w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 870px) 100vw, 870px\" \u002F>\u003Cfigcaption>Source: www.splinternews.com\u003C\u002Ffigcaption>\u003C\u002Ffigure>\n\n\n\n\u003Ch1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u003Cstrong>Satellite tracking and brain-scan polygraphs\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fh1>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>And what if we go even further and try to figure out the next forensic tool with which fancy CSI crime labs will be equipped in the distant future? \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.huffingtonpost.com\u002Fgarry-rodgers\u002Ffive-future-breakthroughs_b_8633172.html\">Garry Rodgers, a retired homicide detective, and forensic coroner says\u003C\u002Fa> he envisions satellite tracking chips being surgically implanted into dangerous offenders. Having wrist- or ankle-worn monitoring equipment on many criminals, the idea does not seem to be so far-fetched.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>Rodgers also believes that brain mapping and analysis of how a subject responds under electroencephalography (EEG) and function magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) might one day replace conventional polygraphs. The technology already exists, and research is underway towards its forensic application.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cfigure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone size-full wp-image-21294\">\u003Cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"870\" height=\"489\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002F1712507217.rsc.cdn77.org\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fsatellite-tracking.jpg\" alt=\"forensic medicine\" class=\"wp-image-21294\" srcset=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fsatellite-tracking.jpg 870w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fsatellite-tracking-370x208.jpg 370w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fsatellite-tracking-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fsatellite-tracking-512x288.jpg 512w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 870px) 100vw, 870px\" \u002F>\u003Cfigcaption>Source: youtube.com\u003C\u002Ffigcaption>\u003C\u002Ffigure>\n\n\n\n\u003Ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u003Cstrong>Are we heading towards pre-crime policing?\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>In Chicago, an \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.independent.co.uk\u002Farts-entertainment\u002Ffilms\u002Ffeatures\u002Fprecrime-film-documentary-minority-report-police-a8289576.html\">algorithm has been created to predict its inhabitants’ potential involvement with violent crime\u003C\u002Fa>, which creates a Strategic Subject List – known colloquially as the “heat list” – a comprehensive list of who it considers to be the most dangerous people in the city. In the UK, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.independent.co.uk\u002Fnews\u002Fuk\u002Fhome-news\u002Fpolice-big-data-technology-predict-crime-hotspot-mapping-rusi-report-research-minority-report-a7963706.html\">the Scotland Yard applies a predictive policing software\u003C\u002Fa> known as \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.predpol.com\u002F\">PredPol\u003C\u002Fa> being employed to predict areas where crimes may take place to deploy more officers to that area.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>While predicting areas of danger or potential perpetrators might sound rational – no one gets hurt, the crime gets prevented -, it could come with significant drawbacks. How does an algorithm decide which area or human being to flag out? \u003Cstrong>Will pre-crime policing be linked to online or social media behavior, not to speak about genetic profiling?\u003C\u002Fstrong> What happens to people or places on the list of pre-policing? Where are the boundaries of privacy? To what extent will our societies give up their privacies for more security? Does constant surveillance mean more security?\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cfigure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone size-full wp-image-21295\">\u003Cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"870\" height=\"489\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002F1712507217.rsc.cdn77.org\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fpre-crime-policing.jpg\" alt=\"forensic medicine\" class=\"wp-image-21295\" srcset=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fpre-crime-policing.jpg 870w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fpre-crime-policing-370x208.jpg 370w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fpre-crime-policing-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fpre-crime-policing-512x288.jpg 512w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 870px) 100vw, 870px\" \u002F>\u003Cfigcaption>Pre-Crime Documentary. Official Trailer. Source: www.youtube.com\u003C\u002Ffigcaption>\u003C\u002Ffigure>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>Tough questions, which might not get any answers by tomorrow. Still, we have to discuss topics of security and privacy even if only in connection with forensic medicine. As at the moment, we are very far from achieving a state where there would be no crime at all, at least the tools for solving crimes and catching criminals are constantly improving. Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson would be so proud to have such smart solutions help solve cases.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Ch3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Learn more about the technological future of medical specialties from \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fleanpub.com\u002Ffuture-of-medical-specialties\">our latest e-book\u003C\u002Fa>!\u003C\u002Fh3>\n\n\n\n\u003Cfigure class=\"wp-block-image\">\u003Ca class=\"img\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fleanpub.com\u002Ffuture-of-medical-specialties\">\u003Cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002F1712507217.rsc.cdn77.org\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2019\u002F05\u002F0415_tmfs_mockup.png\" alt=\"future of medical specialties\" class=\"wp-image-23819\"\u002F\u003C\u002Fa srcset=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2019\u002F05\u002F0415_tmfs_mockup.png 1920w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2019\u002F05\u002F0415_tmfs_mockup-370x208.png 370w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2019\u002F05\u002F0415_tmfs_mockup-768x432.png 768w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2019\u002F05\u002F0415_tmfs_mockup-1536x864.png 1536w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2019\u002F05\u002F0415_tmfs_mockup-2048x1152.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \u002F>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Ffigure>\n\n\n\n\u003Ctable style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #eee; border-top: 4px solid #444;\" cellpadding=\"10px\">\n\u003Ctbody>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd style=\"width: 100%;\">\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>At The Medical Futurist, we are building a community for making a bold vision about the future of healthcare reality today.\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.youtube.com\u002Fembed\u002FFIbMejImnxs\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen=\"\">\u003C\u002Fiframe>\n\u003Cp>If you’d like to support this mission, we invite you to \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.patreon.com\u002Fthemedicalfuturist\">join The Medical Futurist Patreon Community\u003C\u002Fa>. A community of empowered patients, future-oriented healthcare professionals, concerned health policymakers, sensible health tech developers, and enthusiastic medical students. If there were ever a time to join us, it is now. Every contribution, however big or small, powers our research and sustains our future.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.patreon.com\u002Fthemedicalfuturist\">\u003Cstrong style=\"background-color: #e71d3299; color: #000;\">Click here to support The Medical Futurist from as little as $3\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fa> – it only takes a minute. Thank you.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\n\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cp> \u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Feepurl.com\u002FZejiT\">\u003Cstrong>Subscribe To The Medical Futurist℠ Newsletter\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cul class=\"wp-block-list\" id=\"block-680ba2a5-9169-43d8-a3fb-05c1b050f8e4\">\u003Cli>News shaping the future of healthcare\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Advice on taking charge of your health\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Reviews of the latest health technology\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\n",false,{"rendered":22,"protected":20},"\u003Cp>Realistic genetic photo fits, portable diagnostic labs and microbiomes are all new elements in the tool-kit of medical professionals in forensic medicine to catch criminals and solve complex cases. Reality is not at all CSI, but not because of the lack of high-tech, but due to the distortions of television. Let’s see how the future of forensic medicine might look in actuality.\u003C\u002Fp>\n",6,21319,"closed","","standard",{"_acf_changed":20,"footnotes":26},[30,31,32,33],511,500,521,488,[35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48],134,987,144,988,212,989,246,990,247,991,260,992,317,993,[],[],[52,53,54,55,56],1883,1973,3657,5505,1721,[58,14,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81],"post-21284","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bioethics","category-biotechnology","category-future-medicine","category-genomics","tag-ai","tag-forensic-science","tag-artificial-intelligence","tag-forensic-medicine","tag-dna","tag-forensic","tag-future","tag-crime","tag-future-of-medicine","tag-police","tag-genetics","tag-csi","tag-microbiome","tag-nsic",{"id":24,"alt_text":83,"caption":26,"description":84,"media_type":85,"media_details":86,"post":5,"source_url":115},"TMF, Future of forensic medicine","TMF","image",{"width":87,"height":88,"file":89,"sizes":90,"image_meta":112},870,489,"2018\u002F07\u002Ffuture-of-forensic-medicine.jpg",{"medium":91,"large":97,"thumbnail":102,"medium_large":106,"large_old_512x288":107},{"file":92,"width":93,"height":94,"mime-type":95,"source_url":96},"future-of-forensic-medicine-370x208.jpg",370,208,"image\u002Fjpeg","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Ffuture-of-forensic-medicine-370x208.jpg",{"file":98,"width":99,"height":100,"mime-type":95,"source_url":101},"future-of-forensic-medicine-768x432.jpg",768,432,"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Ffuture-of-forensic-medicine-768x432.jpg",{"file":103,"width":104,"height":104,"mime-type":95,"source_url":105},"future-of-forensic-medicine-150x150.jpg",150,"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Ffuture-of-forensic-medicine-150x150.jpg",{"file":98,"width":99,"height":100,"mime-type":95,"source_url":101},{"file":108,"width":109,"height":110,"mime-type":95,"source_url":111},"future-of-forensic-medicine-512x288.jpg",512,288,"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Ffuture-of-forensic-medicine-512x288.jpg",{"aperture":113,"credit":26,"camera":26,"caption":26,"created_timestamp":113,"copyright":26,"focal_length":113,"iso":113,"shutter_speed":113,"title":26,"orientation":113,"keywords":114},"0",[],"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Ffuture-of-forensic-medicine.jpg",{"related_posts":117,"related_posts_footer":121,"cta_type":26,"cta_color":26,"subtitle":26,"related_books":20},[118,119,120],12984,14102,15120,[122,123,124],14607,17773,13172,{"yoast_wpseo_title":126,"yoast_wpseo_metadesc":127,"yoast_wpseo_canonical":15},"Tracing The Future Of Forensic Medicine - The Medical Futurist","Realistic genetic photo fits, portable diagnostic labs and microbiomes are all new elements in forensic medicine to catch criminals and solve complex cases.",{"self":129,"collection":135,"about":138,"author":141,"replies":145,"version-history":148,"predecessor-version":152,"wp:featuredmedia":156,"wp:attachment":159,"wp:term":162,"curies":178},[130],{"href":131,"targetHints":132},"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-json\u002Fwp\u002Fv2\u002Fposts\u002F21284",{"allow":133},[134],"GET",[136],{"href":137},"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-json\u002Fwp\u002Fv2\u002Fposts",[139],{"href":140},"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-json\u002Fwp\u002Fv2\u002Ftypes\u002Fpost",[142],{"embeddable":143,"href":144},true,"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-json\u002Fwp\u002Fv2\u002Fusers\u002F6",[146],{"embeddable":143,"href":147},"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-json\u002Fwp\u002Fv2\u002Fcomments?post=21284",[149],{"count":150,"href":151},23,"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-json\u002Fwp\u002Fv2\u002Fposts\u002F21284\u002Frevisions",[153],{"id":154,"href":155},40071,"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-json\u002Fwp\u002Fv2\u002Fposts\u002F21284\u002Frevisions\u002F40071",[157],{"embeddable":143,"href":158},"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-json\u002Fwp\u002Fv2\u002Fmedia\u002F21319",[160],{"href":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-json\u002Fwp\u002Fv2\u002Fmedia?parent=21284",[163,166,169,172,175],{"taxonomy":164,"embeddable":143,"href":165},"category","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-json\u002Fwp\u002Fv2\u002Fcategories?post=21284",{"taxonomy":167,"embeddable":143,"href":168},"post_tag","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-json\u002Fwp\u002Fv2\u002Ftags?post=21284",{"taxonomy":170,"embeddable":143,"href":171},"project_category","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-json\u002Fwp\u002Fv2\u002Fproject_category?post=21284",{"taxonomy":173,"embeddable":143,"href":174},"contact_email_category","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-json\u002Fwp\u002Fv2\u002Fcontact_email_category?post=21284",{"taxonomy":176,"embeddable":143,"href":177},"yst_prominent_words","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-json\u002Fwp\u002Fv2\u002Fyst_prominent_words?post=21284",[179],{"name":180,"href":181,"templated":143},"wp","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.w.org\u002F{rel}",[183],{"id":124,"date":184,"date_gmt":185,"guid":186,"modified":188,"modified_gmt":189,"slug":190,"status":13,"type":14,"link":191,"title":192,"content":194,"excerpt":196,"author":23,"featured_media":198,"comment_status":25,"ping_status":25,"sticky":20,"template":26,"format":27,"meta":199,"categories":200,"tags":202,"project_category":204,"contact_email_category":205,"yst_prominent_words":206,"class_list":217,"better_featured_image":221,"acf":250,"yoast_meta":251,"_links":253},"2016-05-19T18:00:29","2016-05-19T16:00:29",{"rendered":187},"http:\u002F\u002Fmedicalfuturist.com\u002F?p=13172","2021-12-06T00:32:56","2021-12-05T23:32:56","can-an-algorithm-diagnose-better-than-a-doctor","https:\u002F\u002Fmedicalfuturist.com\u002Fcan-an-algorithm-diagnose-better-than-a-doctor",{"rendered":193},"Can An Algorithm Diagnose Better Than A Doctor?",{"rendered":195,"protected":20},"\n\u003Ctable style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #eee; border-top: 4px solid #444;\" cellpadding=\"5px\"> \u003Ctbody> \u003Ctr> \u003Ctd style=\"width: 100%;\"> \u003Cp style=\"color: #555;font-size: 12px;line-height: 14px\">THIS ARTICLE HAS NOT BEEN UPDATED SINCE 2016. THE INFORMATION SHARED IN THE ARTICLE WAS ACCURATE AT THE TIME OF ITS PUBLICATION, BUT IT MAY BE OUT OF DATE NOW. \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fmedicalfuturist.com\u002Fmagazine\">BROWSE OUR LATEST ARTICLES HERE\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fp> \u003C\u002Ftd> \u003C\u002Ftr> \u003C\u002Ftbody> \u003C\u002Ftable> \u003Cp> \u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>Will artificial intelligence solve doctor shortages? Will it be able to replace the art of making a correct diagnosis? Not anytime soon.\u003Cbr>Many times after my talks, people ask me whether algorithms could theoretically be better at making a diagnosis than doctors. With my doctor’s cap on, I must defend the art of medicine. But as a medical futurist I need to tell my honest views. Making a diagnosis is an art. We humans are not engineering products, and therefore measuring a few parameters and tweaking a few knobs will not diagnose and cure our diseases.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003C!--more-->\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>Part of the art of diagnosis is looking at the whole human being. The way the patient walks, speaks, smells, or thinks are all important to the final diagnosis.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>The other part of a correct diagnosis is learning and gathering whatever information is relevant to the patient’s case. Being a physician entails a commitment towards life–long learning. Doctors frequently dive into biomedical databases of peer–reviewed papers to find the information they need. Keeping up to date with the latest literature in our field of interest is normal routine in the life of a physician.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>The first part is what improves with experience, requires creativity and instinct. Technology might never replace that. Wearable devices and home monitoring services can measure a lot of parameters, but the physician’s impression on meeting a patient is irreplaceable.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>The other part is where everybody fails. No doctor in the world can be perfectly up–to–date on recent medical advances as there are 25 million papers on \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.Pubmed.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pubmed.com\u003C\u002Fa>. No doctor can be certain they have found all the pertinent information their case requires. To do so, we do need help from the world of technology.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Ch1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Computers practicing medicine\u003C\u002Fh1>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>In 1996, the IBM supercomputer Deep Blue challenged Garry Kasparov, the reigning world chess champion. Kasparov won, and headlines around the world celebrated the triumph of humanity over the computer. IBM used the experience from the match to improve Deep Blue’s algorithms, and asked for a re–match in 1997. Kasparov lost to Deep Blue this time, 2.5 to 3.5. Kasparov argued that if he had had access to the same databases as the computer, he could have won the match.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"wp-block-image\">\u003Cfigure class=\"aligncenter\">\u003Cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"870\" height=\"652\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002F1712507217.rsc.cdn77.org\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2016\u002F05\u002Fa-machine-is-about-to-do-to-cancer-treatment-what-deep-blue-did-to-garry-kasparov-in-chess.jpg\" alt=\"Kasparov vs Deep Blue by IBM\" class=\"wp-image-13176\" srcset=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2016\u002F05\u002Fa-machine-is-about-to-do-to-cancer-treatment-what-deep-blue-did-to-garry-kasparov-in-chess.jpg 870w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2016\u002F05\u002Fa-machine-is-about-to-do-to-cancer-treatment-what-deep-blue-did-to-garry-kasparov-in-chess-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2016\u002F05\u002Fa-machine-is-about-to-do-to-cancer-treatment-what-deep-blue-did-to-garry-kasparov-in-chess-512x384.jpg 512w, https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2016\u002F05\u002Fa-machine-is-about-to-do-to-cancer-treatment-what-deep-blue-did-to-garry-kasparov-in-chess-333x250.jpg 333w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 870px) 100vw, 870px\" \u002F>\u003C\u002Ffigure>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>Based on Kasparov’s suggestion a new form of chess match format was introduced in Spain in 1998. Advanced Chess players played against one another by using chess software. The human player decides the move, but the human–software pairing is considered a team. This is a winning combination of human creativity and the power of computing.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"wp-block-image\">\u003Cfigure class=\"alignleft\">\u003Ca class=\"img\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Famzn.to\u002F1LRAp3t\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003Cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"196\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002F1712507217.rsc.cdn77.org\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2016\u002F05\u002FMHU_promo_300x196.gif\" alt=\"my health upgraded\" class=\"wp-image-13147\"\u002F\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Ffigure>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>But there have been no such digital aids in medicine – until now. \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.ibm.com\u002Fsmarterplanet\u002Fus\u002Fen\u002Fibmwatson\u002Fhealth\u002F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Watson\u003C\u002Fa>, IBM’s new supercomputer, aims to fill this gap in medicine. After it beat two highly skilled players in the television quiz show Jeopardy, US clinics started testing its application in the practice of medicine. The advantage Watson offers is an ability to comb through patient records, English textbooks, and millions of medical papers in existing databases – in seconds instead of decades. Its algorithms arrive at diagnostic suggestions, and assign probable success rates to them. In the end the treating physician makes the decision, assisted by all pertinent information gleaned by Watson.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>Two features of Watson are noteworthy. It employs natural language processing, meaning it can understand written and spoken language. It also uses deep question–and–answer technology. It can enter into conversation and learn more during it. Given that medical practices use different electronic medical records, Watson must be able to understand both structured and unstructured data. Some physicians take notes about a diabetes patient, mentioning “diabetes” or “T1D” in the clinical summary. Understanding natural language means distinguishing between a note that is important and one that is not in a given context.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Ch1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">IBM Watson at the oncology clinic\u003C\u002Fh1>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>The MD Anderson Cancer Center was one of the first leading clinics that \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.mdanderson.org\u002Fnewsroom\u002F2013\u002F10\u002Fmd-anderson--ibm-watson-work-together-to-fight-cancer.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced\u003C\u002Fa> it would start using Watson. In oncology, mountains of studies are published every day, and every patient’s case is unique due to cancer’s ability to randomly mutate. Finding information relevant to a particular patient’s case is difficult no matter how much experience the treating physician has. When Watson goes over the patient’s case, it comes up with the list of suggestions for treatment and assigns a confidence value between very low and very high. MD Anderson researchers evaluated Watson’s success rates and found it to be very efficient. Because physicians rate the suggestions that Watson comes up with, it improves with each case.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed\">\u003Cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.youtube.com\u002Fwatch?v=hbqDknMc_Bo\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003C\u002Ffigure>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>In May 2015, a collaboration between Watson, Epic – a software company focusing on electronic health records – and the Mayo Clinic began. Epic has 350 customers that exchange over 80 million medical records annually. The \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.prnewswire.com\u002Fnews-releases\u002Fibm-watson-health-epic-and-mayo-clinic-to-unlock-new-insights-from-electronic-health-records-300077830.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mayo Clinic has more\u003C\u002Fa> than 1 million patient visits a year and conducts at least a thousand clinical trials at any one time. Using Watson to analyze that huge amount of data or answer the questions of patients seems like a good step forward. One Mayo Clinic oncologist called Watson’s potential to provide clinical trial information wherever is needed crucial.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Ch1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The verdict\u003C\u002Fh1>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>A supercomputer becomes a cognitive computer when it tries to reproduce the behavior of the human brain through artificial intelligence. Human physiology is so complex that we can benefit from computers that mimic the way we think and pose questions. Such computers improve by learning just as physicians do – except they improve more quickly.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>So can a computer uncover relevant information to a patient’s case better? Absolutely. Can it diagnose more accurately than a physician? There is no reason to believe it won’t be able to, although we’ll have to wait years – maybe even decades – for that level of accuracy. Would such algorithms replace doctors then? I highly doubt it. Their role will change but they will always be needed. If you ask patients whether they want to be treated by a computer or a person, the majority will choose the person. We are social beings. We need to discuss our health issues not only for the sake of receiving proper treatment, but also because words alone can heal.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>And \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fmedicalfuturist.com\u002F2016\u002F04\u002F28\u002Fthe-algorithm-of-empathy\u002F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">there is currently no algorithm\u003C\u002Fa> or smartphone app for empathy or understanding. Don’t doubt that there will be some that mimic the way we provide empathy, but this is not the direction of current developments.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\u003Cp>[subscribe]Subscribe to\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2>\u003Cb>The Medical Futurist Newsletter\u003C\u002Fb>\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">News shaping the future of healthcare\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Advice on taking charge of your health\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reviews of the latest health technology\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[\u002Fsubscribe]\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>For the first time in history, making a decision about a patient’s case will not be based on the lucky uncovering of crucial information from the haystack of medical databases.. With cognitive computing, physicians will be able to focus on helping their patients, instead of keyboards and monitors.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\n\n\u003Cp>The practice of medicine remains an art, but its colors can be mixed by an algorithm if the painter is still human.\u003C\u002Fp>\n",{"rendered":197,"protected":20},"\u003Cp>THIS ARTICLE HAS NOT BEEN UPDATED SINCE 2016. THE INFORMATION SHARED IN THE ARTICLE WAS ACCURATE AT THE TIME OF ITS PUBLICATION, BUT IT MAY […]\u003C\u002Fp>\n",13175,{"_acf_changed":20,"footnotes":26},[201,30,32],504,[203],519,[],[],[207,208,209,210,52,211,212,213,214,215,216],1715,1723,1795,1831,1979,2081,2255,2699,3347,5021,[218,14,59,60,61,62,63,219,64,66,220],"post-13172","category-artificial-intelligence","tag-gc4",{"id":198,"alt_text":26,"caption":222,"description":26,"media_type":85,"media_details":223,"post":124,"source_url":249},"I",{"width":87,"height":224,"file":225,"sizes":226,"image_meta":247},522,"2016\u002F05\u002Fbigstock-Two-opposite-profiles-with-bra-29835065-21.jpg",{"medium":227,"large":230,"thumbnail":234,"medium_large":237,"large_old_512x307":238,"medium_old_417x250":242},{"file":228,"width":93,"height":94,"mime-type":95,"source_url":229},"bigstock-Two-opposite-profiles-with-bra-29835065-21-370x208.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2016\u002F05\u002Fbigstock-Two-opposite-profiles-with-bra-29835065-21-370x208.jpg",{"file":231,"width":99,"height":232,"mime-type":95,"source_url":233},"bigstock-Two-opposite-profiles-with-bra-29835065-21-768x461.jpg",461,"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2016\u002F05\u002Fbigstock-Two-opposite-profiles-with-bra-29835065-21-768x461.jpg",{"file":235,"width":104,"height":104,"mime-type":95,"source_url":236},"bigstock-Two-opposite-profiles-with-bra-29835065-21-150x150.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2016\u002F05\u002Fbigstock-Two-opposite-profiles-with-bra-29835065-21-150x150.jpg",{"file":231,"width":99,"height":232,"mime-type":95,"source_url":233},{"file":239,"width":109,"height":240,"mime-type":95,"source_url":241},"bigstock-Two-opposite-profiles-with-bra-29835065-21-512x307.jpg",307,"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2016\u002F05\u002Fbigstock-Two-opposite-profiles-with-bra-29835065-21-512x307.jpg",{"file":243,"width":244,"height":245,"mime-type":95,"source_url":246},"bigstock-Two-opposite-profiles-with-bra-29835065-21-417x250.jpg",417,250,"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2016\u002F05\u002Fbigstock-Two-opposite-profiles-with-bra-29835065-21-417x250.jpg",{"aperture":113,"credit":26,"camera":26,"caption":26,"created_timestamp":113,"copyright":26,"focal_length":113,"iso":113,"shutter_speed":113,"title":26,"orientation":113,"keywords":248},[],"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2016\u002F05\u002Fbigstock-Two-opposite-profiles-with-bra-29835065-21.jpg",{"cta_type":26,"cta_color":26,"subtitle":26,"related_books":20,"related_posts_footer":20,"related_posts":20},{"yoast_wpseo_title":252,"yoast_wpseo_metadesc":26,"yoast_wpseo_canonical":191},"Can An Algorithm Diagnose Better Than A Doctor? - The Medical Futurist",{"self":254,"collection":259,"about":261,"author":263,"replies":265,"version-history":268,"predecessor-version":272,"wp:featuredmedia":276,"wp:attachment":279,"wp:term":282,"curies":293},[255],{"href":256,"targetHints":257},"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-json\u002Fwp\u002Fv2\u002Fposts\u002F13172",{"allow":258},[134],[260],{"href":137},[262],{"href":140},[264],{"embeddable":143,"href":144},[266],{"embeddable":143,"href":267},"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-json\u002Fwp\u002Fv2\u002Fcomments?post=13172",[269],{"count":270,"href":271},7,"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-json\u002Fwp\u002Fv2\u002Fposts\u002F13172\u002Frevisions",[273],{"id":274,"href":275},37135,"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-json\u002Fwp\u002Fv2\u002Fposts\u002F13172\u002Frevisions\u002F37135",[277],{"embeddable":143,"href":278},"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-json\u002Fwp\u002Fv2\u002Fmedia\u002F13175",[280],{"href":281},"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-json\u002Fwp\u002Fv2\u002Fmedia?parent=13172",[283,285,287,289,291],{"taxonomy":164,"embeddable":143,"href":284},"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-json\u002Fwp\u002Fv2\u002Fcategories?post=13172",{"taxonomy":167,"embeddable":143,"href":286},"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-json\u002Fwp\u002Fv2\u002Ftags?post=13172",{"taxonomy":170,"embeddable":143,"href":288},"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-json\u002Fwp\u002Fv2\u002Fproject_category?post=13172",{"taxonomy":173,"embeddable":143,"href":290},"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-json\u002Fwp\u002Fv2\u002Fcontact_email_category?post=13172",{"taxonomy":176,"embeddable":143,"href":292},"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.medicalfuturist.com\u002Fwp-json\u002Fwp\u002Fv2\u002Fyst_prominent_words?post=13172",[294],{"name":180,"href":181,"templated":143},[],1789987475877]